Komposisi dan Dominansi Pohon Peneduh pada Koridor Jalan Utama Kota Bima sebagai Pendukung Ruang Terbuka Hijau Perkotaan
Keywords:
roadside shade trees; species composition; urban environmental quality; urban green open space; Bima CityAbstract
Roadside shade trees are an essential component of urban green open
spaces, contributing significantly to environmental quality through
ecological, aesthetic, and social functions. The composition of tree
species along urban road corridors influences the effectiveness of
vegetation in reducing air pollution, moderating urban temperatures,
and improving environmental comfort. This study aimed to analyze
the species composition of roadside shade trees in supporting urban
environmental quality in Bima City, Indonesia. A descriptive
quantitative survey was conducted on three major road corridors,
namely Gadjah Mada Street (Penaraga Village), Sultan Muhammad
Salahudin Street, and Gadjah Mada Street (Penatoi Village). Data
were collected through field observations, species identification, tree
inventory, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed
descriptively based on species composition, number of individuals,
and species distribution across the study sites. The results identified
327 individual trees belonging to 11 species, namely Albizia saman,
Azadirachta indica, Swietenia mahagoni, Terminalia catappa, Parkia
speciosa, Polyalthia longifolia, Dalbergia latifolia, Delonix regia,
Pterocarpus indicus, Ficus benjamina, and Acacia auriculiformis.
Albizia saman was the dominant species, accounting for 149
individuals (45.57%), followed by Azadirachta indica (66
individuals), Swietenia mahagoni (43 individuals), and Terminalia
catappa (35 individuals). The highest species richness was recorded
on Gadjah Mada Street in Penaraga Village, where eight species were
identified. The dominance of broad-canopy tree species indicates that
the roadside vegetation in Bima City has considerable potential to
enhance urban environmental quality by providing shade, improving
thermal comfort, and supporting other ecological functions. The
findings of this study provide baseline information for urban tree
management and may serve as a scientific reference for developing
sustainable urban green open space policies in Bima City
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